Internet i umetnost na prostoru Srbije 1996-2013 – Odlike umetničkih diskursa na polju Interneta u Srbiji

Abstract

Sredinom 90-ih godina XX veka sa razvojem Svetske mreţe (WWW), Internet postaje istinski globalni fenomen. Koncepti kao što su informaciono društvo, mreţno društvo i digitalna kultura nastaju da oznaĉe promene u svim sferama društva koje dolaze sa sve većom primenom informaciono-komunikacionih tehnologija. Na prostoru Republike Srbije i pored teške ekonomske situacije i politiĉke nestabilnosti, od 1996. godine kada internet ulazi u komercijalnu upotrebu do danas, sajberprostor se postepeno transformiše od zasebne sfere delovanja u deo svakodnevnog ţivota graĊana. Transformacija medijske ekologije koja sa Internetom dolazi u Srbiju nije zaobišla svet umetnosti i kulture i upravo su primeri ovakve prakse, kako u Srbiji, tako i u svetu, posebno znaĉajni za razvoj i promišljanje savremenog informacionog društva. Ova studija predstavlja mapiranje i analizu globalnog uticaja Interneta, kao i njegovog uticaja na kulturne i umetniĉke prakse u Srbiji, mogućnosti i posledica bivanja u globalnom mreţnom društvu, ali i uloge umetniĉkih praksi, posebno internet umetnosti, u razvoju i promišljanju granica, identiteta i politika sajberprostora. Kao prva studija koja istraţuje kontekste susretanja sveta umetnosti i Interneta na prostoru Srbije od 1996. godine do danas, rad donosi rezultate istraţivaĉkog rada o uticajima informacionog društva na nosioce dominantnih diskursa kulture i umetnosti u Srbiji danas: Narodne biblioteke Srbije i Narodnog muzeja u Beogradu. Primer Muzeja savremene umetnosti Vojvodine donosi nam savremene pozicije umetnosti i otvara polje istraţivanja internetskih umetniĉkih praksi na prostoru Srbije. Istraţivanje praksi kolektiva Kuda.org iz Novog Sada mapira tokove razvoja digitalne kulture i umetnosti, kao i potencijala interneta kao alata za transformaciju društva, dok nas internet platforma Widewalls.ch uvodi u procese novih oblika kapitalistiĉke proizvodnje u sajberprostoru i pozicija savremene umetnosti, kao i srpskog društva, u poslednjem talasu globalizacije koji dolazi sa sve većim širenjem Globalne mreţe (Interneta). U ovom radu pronalazimo i prvu sveobuhvatnu studiju na srpskom jeziku razvoja, elemenata i diskursa Globalne mreţe od njenog nastanka do danas, kao i u kontekstu današnje Republike Srbije.

In the middle of the 1990s World Wide Web marked the Internet as a truly global phenomenon. Concepts such as Inforation Society, Network Society and digital culture became signifiers of significant transformations in all aspects of society that came about with ubiquitous use of information and communication technologies. On the territory of today‘s Republic of Serbia in spite of difficult economic situation and political instability since 1996 when internet was commercialy available in Serbia, cyberspace slowly moved from a seperate area of production to an integral part of every day life. Trasnformation of media ecology in Serbia that came with the Internet did not baypass the world of art and culture and it‘s exactly these forms of practice in Serbia, as well as around the world, which came to be especially significant for development and thinking about information society. This work brings the mappings and analysis of global impact of the Internet, as well as the specific impact it had on cultural and artistic practices in Serbia, opportunities and consequences of being in a global network society, but also the role of artistic practices, especially Internet art in deliberating the issues of borders, identities and politics of cyberspace. As a very first study which analyses the crossings of the world of Art and Internet in Serbia this thesis brings results of research about the impacts of information society on authoritative discourses of art and culture in Serbia today: National Library of Serbia and National Museum in Belgrade. The example of Museum of Contemporary Art of Vojvodina illuminates contemporary positions of art world and opens up a field of research for Internet art practices in Serbia. The analysis of collective practices of Kuda.org in Novi Sad frames the development if digital art and culture in Serbia, as well as the potentials of the internet as a tool for cultural transformation, while internet platform Widewalls.ch introduces us to new forms of capitalistic production in cyberspace and positions of contemporary art and Serbian society in this last wave of globalization that came about with colossal spread of the Internet. In this paper we also find a first comprehensive study and analysis in Serbian language of paths of development, elements and discourses of the Internet from its very beginnings until today together with specific contexts of such development in today‘s Republic of Serbia.