Menadžment i produkcija dokumentarnih filmova u uslovima nepovoljnim za kulturni razvoj

Abstract

Ovaj rad se bavi specifičnostima menadžmenta i produkcije dokumentarnih filmova u uslovima nepovoljnim za kulturni razvoj. Pri tom se, pod uslovima nepovoljnim za kulturni razvoj prepoznaju: ekonomska kriza, te smanjena izdvajanja javnog sektora za kulturu, inflacija i pad standarda, te smanjanja kulturne potrošnje, ekonomsko raslojavanje, te međusobno razdvajanje kulturnih modela, urušavanje pravno-političkog sistema i politička izolacija, te izostanak jasno definisane sistemske kulturne politike i ograničeni pristup međunarodnim programima, ali i interetnički sukobi i rat, sa širokom lepezom konsekvenci od getoizacije kultura do potpunog uništenja kulturne infrastrukture i kulturnog života. Istraživanje je realizovano kroz komparativnu analizu iskustava u oblasti produkcije dokumentranih filmova tri države Jugoistočne Evrope: Srbije, Hrvatske i Bugarske, razmatrane u kontekstu od 1990. godine, od kada se ovaj region smatra najturbuletnijim u Evropi, pa sve do danas, ali sa posebnim fokusom na petogodišnji period, od kraja 2010. godine do kraja 2015. godine. Zastupljeno je stanovište da produkcija dokumentarnih filmova pripada kategoriji visokorizičnih produkcija, zbog čega se za prevazilaženje izazova i problema preporučuje model organizacije koja se u svom menadžmentu oslanja na znanja iz oblasti upravljanja rizikom i teorije adaptivnog menadžmenta kvaliteta, zarad dostizanja produkciono-organizacione izvrsnosti, za koju se smatra, da bi u uslovima usklađenosti zakonsko-normativne regulative i mera kulturne politike, doprinela utemeljenju ekonomski održivih organizacija koje se bave produkcijom dokumentarnih filmova.

This paper deals with the specifics of management and production of documentary films in conditions that are disadvantageous to cultural development. Conditions disadvantageous to cultural development are associated with: the economic crisis, reductions in the public spending for the cultural sector; inflation and the fall of standards of living, as well as the decrease in cultural consumption; economic stratification and the separation of cultural models; the collapse of the legal and political system and political isolation, a lack of clearly defined system of cultural policies and a limited access to international programs; as well as inter-ethnic conflicts and war, with a vast range of consequences, from ghettoization of culture to the complete destruction of cultural infrastructure and cultural life. The survey was conducted through a comparative analysis of experiences in the production of documentaries in three countries of South-Eastern Europe: Serbia, Croatia and Bulgaria, that were considered within the context since 1990, the year when this region started to be perceived as the most turbulent in Europe, until today, with a special focus on the five-year period, dating from late 2010 until the end of 2015. There exists a generally accepted viewpoint that the production of documentary films belongs to the category of productions with a high risk levels, which is why, in order to overcome the challenges and problems, a model of organization recommended is the one which relies on the knowledge of risk management and the theory of adaptive management quality, with the goal of achieving organizational excellence, which is considered to contribute, with the compliance of laws, by-laws and measures of cultural policy, to the establishment of economically sustainable organizations that deal with the production of documentary films.